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Effect of Calcium Chloride on the Compressive Strength of Concrete Produced from Three Brands of Nigerian Cement

Received: 9 January 2015     Accepted: 22 January 2015     Published: 7 April 2015
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Abstract

Concrete is a common material used in the Nigerian building industry. It is obtained by mixing cementitious materials, water, fine and coarse aggregates and sometimes admixtures in required proportions. Admixtures are added to concrete to modify its properties so as to make it more suitable for any situation. In recent times, building collapse in Nigeria has been a source of concern particularly to those associated with the building industry. This has necessitated the need to check the effect admixtures have on some properties of concrete. This study investigated the effect of calcium chloride (CaCl2) as an admixture on the compressive strength of concrete produced from Dangote, Elephant and Burham brands of cement available in Nigeria. The impact of calcium chloride admixture on the compressive strength of concrete made from these brands of cement was compared with the compressive strength of concrete without calcium chloride. Sieve analysis, natural moisture content and specific gravity tests were carried out on the aggregates used in the production of the concrete and the results were recorded. Slump tests were carried out on the fresh concrete containing CaCl2 and without CaCl2 and the results were also recorded. Cubes produced from the concrete were cured for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days respectively. The mean densities of the concrete cubes made from the three brands of cement with and without admixture were computed. The corresponding mean compressive strength for the concrete cubes was also computed. The results showed that concrete with calcium chloride have higher compressive strength compared with those without calcium chloride.

Published in American Journal of Civil Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 2-3)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Predictive Estimation by ANSYS for Laminated Wood Deep Beam

DOI 10.11648/j.ajce.s.2015030203.11
Page(s) 1-5
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Concrete, Admixture, Calcium Chloride, Cement, Compressive Strength

References
[1] W.F. Chen and J.Y. Richard Liew, The Civil Engineering Handbook, 2nd ed., CRC Press, 2003.
[2] M.S. Shetty, Concrete technology, theory and practice, S. Chand & company ltd., New Delhi, 2011, pp. 1-31.
[3] K. Nitish, Admixtures used in concrete and their effects, retrieved from www.nersp.nerdc.ufl.edu on 18th November, 2014.
[4] A.A. Fakere, G. Fadairo and R.A. Fakere, Assessment of building collapse in Nigeria: A case of Naval building, Abuja, Nigeria, International Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol. 2, No. 4, 2012, pp.585-588.
[5] www.nigeriancurrent.com, retrieved on the 7th January 2015.
[6] www.iccsafe.org, retrieved on the 7th January 2015.
[7] A.M. Neville, Properties of concrete, 5th ed., Pearson Education Ltd., 2011.
[8] M.R. Rixom and N. P. Mailvaganam, Chemical admixtures for concrete, Cambridge, England: The University Press, 1986.
[9] ACI Committee 212, Admixtures for concrete, ACI Journal proceedings 60(11), 1963, pp. 1481-1524.
[10] V.S. Ramachandran, Calcium chloride in concrete, Science and technology, 2nd ed., Applied Science Publishers Ltd., Essex, England, 1996.
[11] NIS 2000. NIS 87:2000. Nigerian Industrial Standard: Standard for Sandcrete blocks. Standard Organisation of Nigeria, Lagos, Nigeria.
[12] IS 383, Indian Standard Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi 110002, 2nd revision, 9th reprint, 1993, pp. 4-18.
[13] IS 2386-3, Indian Standard Methods of test for aggregates for concrete, Part III: Specific gravity, density, voids, absorption and bulking , Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi 110002, 8th reprint, 1997, pp. 3-17.
[14] K. Jones, Density of concrete, The Physics Factbook, 1999 (retrieved from www.hypertextbook.com/facts/1999/katrinajones.shtml on 7th January, 2015).
Cite This Article
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    S. O. Odeyemi, M. A. Anifowose, M. O. Oyeleke, A. O. Adeyemi, S. B. Bakare. (2015). Effect of Calcium Chloride on the Compressive Strength of Concrete Produced from Three Brands of Nigerian Cement. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 3(2-3), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.s.2015030203.11

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    ACS Style

    S. O. Odeyemi; M. A. Anifowose; M. O. Oyeleke; A. O. Adeyemi; S. B. Bakare. Effect of Calcium Chloride on the Compressive Strength of Concrete Produced from Three Brands of Nigerian Cement. Am. J. Civ. Eng. 2015, 3(2-3), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.s.2015030203.11

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    AMA Style

    S. O. Odeyemi, M. A. Anifowose, M. O. Oyeleke, A. O. Adeyemi, S. B. Bakare. Effect of Calcium Chloride on the Compressive Strength of Concrete Produced from Three Brands of Nigerian Cement. Am J Civ Eng. 2015;3(2-3):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.s.2015030203.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajce.s.2015030203.11,
      author = {S. O. Odeyemi and M. A. Anifowose and M. O. Oyeleke and A. O. Adeyemi and S. B. Bakare},
      title = {Effect of Calcium Chloride on the Compressive Strength of Concrete Produced from Three Brands of Nigerian Cement},
      journal = {American Journal of Civil Engineering},
      volume = {3},
      number = {2-3},
      pages = {1-5},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajce.s.2015030203.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.s.2015030203.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajce.s.2015030203.11},
      abstract = {Concrete is a common material used in the Nigerian building industry. It is obtained by mixing cementitious materials, water, fine and coarse aggregates and sometimes admixtures in required proportions. Admixtures are added to concrete to modify its properties so as to make it more suitable for any situation. In recent times, building collapse in Nigeria has been a source of concern particularly to those associated with the building industry. This has necessitated the need to check the effect admixtures have on some properties of concrete. This study investigated the effect of calcium chloride (CaCl2) as an admixture on the compressive strength of concrete produced from Dangote, Elephant and Burham brands of cement available in Nigeria. The impact of calcium chloride admixture on the compressive strength of concrete made from these brands of cement was compared with the compressive strength of concrete without calcium chloride. Sieve analysis, natural moisture content and specific gravity tests were carried out on the aggregates used in the production of the concrete and the results were recorded. Slump tests were carried out on the fresh concrete containing CaCl2 and without CaCl2 and the results were also recorded. Cubes produced from the concrete were cured for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days respectively. The mean densities of the concrete cubes made from the three brands of cement with and without admixture were computed. The corresponding mean compressive strength for the concrete cubes was also computed. The results showed that concrete with calcium chloride have higher compressive strength compared with those without calcium chloride.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effect of Calcium Chloride on the Compressive Strength of Concrete Produced from Three Brands of Nigerian Cement
    AU  - S. O. Odeyemi
    AU  - M. A. Anifowose
    AU  - M. O. Oyeleke
    AU  - A. O. Adeyemi
    AU  - S. B. Bakare
    Y1  - 2015/04/07
    PY  - 2015
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.s.2015030203.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajce.s.2015030203.11
    T2  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
    JF  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
    JO  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
    SP  - 1
    EP  - 5
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8737
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.s.2015030203.11
    AB  - Concrete is a common material used in the Nigerian building industry. It is obtained by mixing cementitious materials, water, fine and coarse aggregates and sometimes admixtures in required proportions. Admixtures are added to concrete to modify its properties so as to make it more suitable for any situation. In recent times, building collapse in Nigeria has been a source of concern particularly to those associated with the building industry. This has necessitated the need to check the effect admixtures have on some properties of concrete. This study investigated the effect of calcium chloride (CaCl2) as an admixture on the compressive strength of concrete produced from Dangote, Elephant and Burham brands of cement available in Nigeria. The impact of calcium chloride admixture on the compressive strength of concrete made from these brands of cement was compared with the compressive strength of concrete without calcium chloride. Sieve analysis, natural moisture content and specific gravity tests were carried out on the aggregates used in the production of the concrete and the results were recorded. Slump tests were carried out on the fresh concrete containing CaCl2 and without CaCl2 and the results were also recorded. Cubes produced from the concrete were cured for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days respectively. The mean densities of the concrete cubes made from the three brands of cement with and without admixture were computed. The corresponding mean compressive strength for the concrete cubes was also computed. The results showed that concrete with calcium chloride have higher compressive strength compared with those without calcium chloride.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 2-3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Civil Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Offa, Offa, Nigeria

  • Department of Civil Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Offa, Offa, Nigeria

  • Department of Civil Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Offa, Offa, Nigeria

  • Department of Civil Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Offa, Offa, Nigeria

  • Department of Civil Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Offa, Offa, Nigeria

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